TASK 1 TYPE : FLOW CHART

The diagram below shows the stages of processing cocoa beans. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the process below.























The given flow chart reveals how cocoa beans are processed to obtain different products.Overall, there are three stages in the process, from the initial whole beans to the final products in the market.

In the first stage, the whole beans are picked from the cocoa tree. After being picked, their outer shells are removed and they are dried from the next stage. Stage 2 consists of many steps. Firstly, the dried beans are pressed. Some of these pressed beans are further pressed to make cocoa cake, whereas the rest are refined to make industrial chocolate to which sugar is added.

In the third and final stage, the cocoa cake is ground to make cocoa powder and liquor is obtained. The cocoa powder is sent to the market to be used by the consumer, whereas the cocoa liquor is used in the industry to make cakes and drinks. The industrial chocolate is sent for final processing after which the finished chocolate products are finally consumed by consumers.

Writing task 1: Sample of process.

The diagram below illustrates how a simple water filter is constructed and how it functions to produce clean drinking water. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the diagram below.

The given diagram reveals the process of water filtration by a water filter. It can be seen that there are numerous steps in the process from the initial impure water to the final potable water.

In the first step, impure water is put into a metal container which contains three filtering layers, namely sand , charcoal and gravel , with sand at the top, charcoal at the middle and gravel at the bottom. In the bottom part, the water which is filtered through the three layers, is stored temporarily.

An angles metal pipe is there which has the lower opening in the bottom part of the water filter tank. The upper part of the pipe comes out from the upper part and is linked to another closed metal tank. The filtered water from the first tank is brought into the second tank, which is at a lower level than the first tank. There is a tap attached to the bottom part of the tank, through which the clean drinking water can be taken out for drinking.

IELTS TASK 1 SAMPLE : PIE CHARTS

The chart below show the proportion of the energy produced from different sources in a country between 1985 and 2003. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main feature and make comparisons where relevant.

The given pie chart depicts the percentage of energy generated from various sources in a particular country from 1985 to 2003.

It can be clearly seen that the use of some sources to produce energy increased with time, whereas that of others decreased Overall, the maximum energy was produced from oil and the least from hydrogen and other renewable sources.

Oil was the major source of energy production throughout the whole period, although its usage dropped from just over a half(52%) in 1985 to approximately two fifth (39%) in 2003. The use of nuclear also declined from 22% to 17% over the given period.

The use of natural gas and coal showed an increase from 13% and 8% in 1985 to 23% and 13% respectively in 2003. Interestingly, the proportion of energy produced from hydrogen remained stable at 4%, whereas that from other renewable sources increased from 1% to 4% over the given period of 18 years.

Another type of advantages and disadvantages IELTS Task 2

Advantages and Disadvantages and give your opinion.

Structure of the essay.

#Introduction

#Paraphrase the question

#Thesis statement

# Outline statement

Body paragraph 1(Advantages) 

#Topic sentences

#Explanation of topic sentences.

#Example

Body paragraphs 2(Disadvantages)

#Topic sentence

#Explanation

#Example

Body paragraphs (opinion) 

#Explain your opinion

# Example

Conclusion

Summary of the main points

Sample question

Computers are becoming an essential part of education. Discuss advantages and disadvantages and give your own opinion.

ANSWER

Information Technology is becoming a ubiquitous part of learning. This essay will show that this is a welcome development and can enhance educational practice. This essay will first suggest that the instant availability of huge amount of information is the primary advantage followed by a discussion of how it can sometimes lead to plagiarism followed by a reasoned conclusion.

The main benefit computers bring to the learners is easy access to the vast amounts of resources. Learners were once limited to the books they had and other knowledge of their teacher, Now they can learn about anything they choose at the touch of a button. Google is a prime example, because it allows people to easily search for whatever they are looking for quickly and accurately.

One possible drawback is that using the internet to complete the academic work can sometimes lead to pupils copying articles from the internet. As a result, students do not have to think much and they learn very little. For instance THE DAILY MAIL recently reported that 72% of college graduates in the U.K admitted to copying and pasting Wikipedia articles at least once.

Overall, it is a very positive development because most students will take advantage of the power of the information to enhance their studies, rather than using it to cheat. For instance, in 2005 Cambridge University found that students who regularly use a computer were 26% more likely to get a first class degree than those who did not.

In conclusion, computers has provided a gateway to knowledge unlike anything seen before and although it can sometimes lead to a few taking the easy routes and plagiarism, but still it is very positive step in the evolution of education.

Advantages outweigh disadvantages type questions of IELTS task 2

Advantages outweigh disadvantages

INTRODUCTION 

# Paraphrase the question

# Thesis statement ( state advantages outweigh disadvantages)

Body paragraph 1: Stronger side (that is advantage)

# Topic sentences ( Advantage number 1)

# Explain why it is strong

# Example

# Advantage number 2

# Explain why it is strong

# Example

Body paragraph 2: Weaker side ( That is disadvantage)

# Topic sentence ( disadvantage)

# Example why it is not strong( supporting details)

# Example

Conclusion:

Summary of the main points and restate the opinion

 

 Sample question

Today, people can work and live anywhere they want because of the improvement of communication technology and transport. Do advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages.

ANSWER

 

Nowadays, with the advancement of telecommunication technology and travel today’s person can reside and get employment in any part of the globe. The advantages of this definitely outweigh the disadvantages. This essay delves into the number of arguments with a reasoned conclusion.

First of all, the main advantages of being able to live and work from anywhere are that people can have more choices of jobs because of technological advances. Not only can you work in any part of your home country, you can work for any company in any part of the world by telecommuting because modern wireless technology has made work easier and created more time for self and family. Wireless internet and 4g services reduce the paper work also help to create online work jobs like web designing and blogging. Furthermore, the modern transportation modes like the metro and light rail have lessened the travel time and also made it more convenient for commuters. This has also decreased the need for people to live in cities and come back to peaceful country side in the evenings because modern transport systems.  Delhi metro and Mumbai local rails are the prime example, people commute daily to cities from countryside for work.

On the downside, some people thinks that  this is leading to a sedentary lifestyle as people do not need to travel. People become  so dependent on technology that any network failure may lead life to come to standstill .However, these  minor advantages are of no importance if we look at the plethora of advantages this situation has to offer.  IT  graduates made very easier to normalize the down server and network  in the few minutes.

Summing up, people can live and work anywhere today and this situation is more boon than a bane. So the number of benefits outnumbered its drawbacks.

 

Type 3> Disadvantages outweigh advantages.

This type of format has the same format like the above type. So, write disadvantages in the first body paragraph and advantages in the second paragraph.

Advantages and disadvantages based questions of IELTS TASK 2

This category is divided into four sub types

Type 1: Discuss both advantages and disadvantages.

Type 2: Advantages outweigh disadvantages

Type 3: Disadvantages outweigh advantages

Type 4: Discuss both advantages and disadvantages and give your own opinion.

Type 1: Discuss both advantages and disadvantages.

Structure of the essay:

INTRODUCTION

#Paraphrase the question

#Outline statement

 BODY PARAGRAPH  1( Advantages)

     #Topic sentence

     # Explain how this is an advantage( supporting details)

     # Relevant example

BODY PARAGRAPH 2 ( Disadvantages)

     # Topic sentence

     # Explain how this is a disadvantage

     # Example

Conclusion : Summary of the main points

 

Sample question:

Pressure on the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to hard work when they are young. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this phenomenon for the students.

 

ANSWER

It is irrefutable that the burden on school and university pupils is burgeoning and they have to put more efforts towards their study at a young age. This essay will suggest that students can make their career bright with hard work as biggest advantage and students can be the victim of stress because of more pressure as a primary disadvantage, followed by a reasoned conclusion.

Today we belong to highly competitive era in which students need to get good scores to grab job opportunities or enrolling into universities. So for that purposes students are encouraged to do more hard work which inculcates the habit of hard working from earlier years into the young generation and they are better placed in life later on. If they work hard in early years they will build up a sound career and will have a happy and contended life. The TIMES recently published a survey report,70%  students who works hard in their academics at a young age are more successful in their fields of working.

Despite this advantage it has also a disadvantage, because it leads to stress and strain and anxiety. Sometimes students cannot strike a balance between work and leisure which may results in boredom. Moreover, if students face failures or can’t cope with the pressures they can have suicidal tendencies. Always hitting the books keeps the students away from practical and social life. THE HINDU NEWSPAPER reported that in INDIA 10% of the young students and university students are suffering from depression because of their study curriculum burden.

In conclusion, focusing on study more is beneficial for making the future for the students and they can support their families, however giving more pressure of study  than capability and age can lead to dire consequences on health and become the cause of mental illness. So, there is need to make the balance between study and leisure activities for the students.

PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES

Present perfect continuous tenses:

Subject+ has/have been +verb(first form) +ing+object + time.

 This tense expresses an action that began some time ago and is continuing up to the present, e.g

1) It has been raining since morning

2) we have been working for two hours.

You have been waiting here for two hours.

Have you been waiting here for two hours?

You have not been waiting here for two hours.

We use the Present Perfect continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. For five minutes , For  two weeks and since Tuesday are all durations which can be used with the present perfect continuous.

Like:

They have been talking for last two hour.

James has been teaching at the university since june.

USE  RECENT , LATELY

We can also use the present perfect continuous without a duration such as for wo weeks . without  the duration , the tense has a more general meaning of” lately “.  We often use the words “lately”. Or recently to  emphasize the meaning.

Example :

Recently, I have been feeling really tired.

She has been watching too much television lately.

Mary has been feeling a little depressed.

Past perfect continuous tense:

Subject + had + been +verb(first form) + ing +object +time

 To show an action that had been going on at some point of time in the past, e.g

1) She had been living in this city for two years.

2) I had been visiting America for three years

3) She had been teaching in Ludhiana before coming to this place.

You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived?

You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

We also use the Past perfect continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past.” For five minutes” and” for two weeks” are both durations which can be used with Past perfect continuous.

Like:

They had been talking for over an hour before tony arrived.

She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of business.

How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?

We can also use Past perfect continuous before another action in the past is a good way to show cause and effect.

Examples:

Jason was tired because he had been jogging

Sam gained weight because he had been overeating .

 

Future perfect continuous tense

Subject + will/shall+ have been + verb( first form) +ing + object + time.

An action is shown that will have been taking place in the future,e.g

1) She will have been dancing for two hours

2) They will have been writing letters  since morning.

We also use the Future perfect continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. “ For five minutes”,” For two weeks” and” since Friday” are all durations which can be used with the Future perfect continuous .

They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.

She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it finally closes.

James will have been teaching at that university for more than a year by the time he leaves for  Asia.

Future perfect continuous tense can also be used before another action in the future is good way to show cause and effect.

Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.

Claudia’s English will be perfect when she returns to Germany because she is going to have been studying English in the united states for over two years.